Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on financial performance and financial failure risk in travel agency and tour operators activities sector

In this study, the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on the financial performance and financial failure risk of the travel agency and tour operator activities sector in Turkey was examined. For this purpose, the financial performance of the sector and the risk of financial failure were analyzed using data from the real sector statistics of the Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey on the subs-sector of Travel Agencies and Tour Operators Activities for the years 2018, 2019 and 2020. While examining the financial performance of the sector by calculating liquidity ratios, asset utilization ratios, financial structure ratios and profitability ratios;financial failure risk was analyzed using Altman Z Score, Altman Z' Score, Fulmer H Score, Springate Score and Ohlson Score models. In the study, it was revealed that during the Covid-19 pandemic, the travel agency and tour operator activities sector experienced cash shortages, credit debts increased and, accordingly, its financial costs increased and losses were experienced. At the same time, it has been determined that the sector is exposed to the risk of financial failure during the Covid-19 pandemic.

The financial failure risks of restaurant chains and the impact of COVID-19

The aim of this study is to investigate the financial failure risk levels of the restaurant chains with the highest brand value and to reveal the impact of the Covid-19 epidemic on the financial failure risk. For this purpose, the risks of financial failure of the 17 restaurant chains with the highest brand value according to the Brand Finance 2020 ranking were measured with Altman Z Score, Altman Z' Score, Altman Z'' Score, Springate, Fulmer and Ohlson models between 2016 and 2020. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the number of restaurants at risk of financial failure tends to increase as we approach the past to the present in all models. However, whether there is a statistically significant difference in the context of financial failure risk scores between the pre-Covid-19 epidemic (2016-2019) and the Covid-19 epidemic period (2020) was tested with the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. According to the results obtained, a statistically significant difference was found between the pre-Covid-19 epidemic and the epidemic period in terms of financial failure values in all models except the Ohlson model.